ear and throught disease :: essays research papers

Name Terrean RobinsonID 28990809Course MicrobiologyDescribe the major emerging and reemerging pathogens and disease (since 1980) and the consequence of these for healthcargon system.(Include epi.&mechanism for origin of diseases)There are several emerging and reemerging diseases since the 1980. Emerging infectious disease results from newly identified and previously unknown infections, which cause public health problems topically and internationally. An emerging disease can be cause by a virus, a bacterium, a fungus, a protozoan and a helminth. Emerging disease associated with viruses since the 1980 are T-cell lympoma-leukemia,Toxic shock syndrome, Heamhorrhagic colitis heamolytic ureamic syndrome, Hairy cell leukemia, lyme disease, AIDS, Peptic ulcer disease,Venezuelan haemorrhagic fever, Conjunctivitis, disseminated disease ,cholera,Cat scratch diseasebacillary angimatosis, Brazilian heamorrhagic fever, Hepatitis,New Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and Influenza. homo immuno deficiency virus (HIV) causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first isolated in 1983. It is estimated that since the start of the epidemic 30.6 million people worldwide have become HIV septic and nearly 12 million have died from AIDS or AIDS-related diseases. Hepatitis C, identified in 1989, is now known to be the most common cause of post-transfusion hepatitis worldwide, with nearly 90 per cent of cases in Japan, the United States and Western Europe. Up to 3 per cent of the world population is estimated to be infected 170 million are chronic carriers at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and/or liver cancer. Sin nombre (i.e., an unnamed) virus was isolated from cases of a local outbreak of a highly fatal respiratory disease. This was done in the southern United States in 1993. It has subsequently been diagnosed in sporadic cases across the United States, Canada and several reciprocal ohm American countries. Influenza A (H5N1) virus is a well-known pathogen in bird s, but was first isolated from humans in 1997. Its emergence initially suggested the attached influenza pandemic but, in the event, the virus transmitted poorly and the spread of the virus appeared to have beencontained in 1997.There are also some emerging diseases that are associated with bacteria these include Legionella pneumophillai, Escherichilia coli, Borellia burgdorferi, Vibrio cholorae. Legionella pneumophilia was detected in 1977. The bacterium resulted in an outbreak of severe pneumonia in a gathering center in the United States in 1976 and it has since been associated with outbreaks linked to poorly maintained air conditioning systems. Escherichia coli O157H7 Detected in 1982, this bacterium is typically transmitted by dint of contaminated food and has caused outbreaks of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in North America, Europe and Japan.

Computer Hackers :: essays research papers

What is the definition of the term hacker? Is it someone that terrorizes companies by shutting down estimators and satellites otherwise rendering them helpless? Or is it hardly someone that is curious as to how technology works? The United States regimen doesnt agree at all with the latter of the two. It is almost frightful that the G overnment of the United States, the most strengthful force in the world, can be so discriminative. You think that they would be the ones with some sort of understanding. This is not the case. Although the government believes that computer hackers are an enormous threat to our country, I believe that if they came to an understanding with hacker ethics they would comprehend the fact that computer hackers are not terrorists.It is the governments belief that if a crime is committed and it involves a computer, hackers are the cause. No questions asked. Since when was the term hacker conceived as a person involved in venomed actions on a computer? A tr ue hacker will cause no damage through any means. Hackers merely explore technology to figure out how things work so that they may share their findings as a protection from cyber terrorism and other potential harms. It has been stated that Knowledge Is Power. How is it that this power has become such a threat to our government? Former President Thomas Jefferson once wrote that Ideas should freely spread from one to another over the globe, for the clean-living and mutual instruction of man, and improvement of his condition, seems to have been peculiarly and benevolently designed by nature, when she made them, like fire, expansible over all space, without lessening their absorption at any point, and like the air in which we breathe, move, and have our physical being, incapable of confinement of exclusive appropriation. Inventions then cannot, in nature, be a report of property. Ideas and discoveries should be shared and known by all. Only then will we not suffer the fate of what ha s happened in history. This is how we learn not to do impairment by doing wrong and realizing it was wrong (Goldstein 4). As humans we have the ability to learn this. A hot pan isnt touched over and over again. Once it is learned that the pan is hot the necessity to touch it again becomes superfluous. All success comes from the failure of either the exclusive or someone that the individual has followed.

Englishmen 17th century :: essays research papers

FIRST ESSAY Thomas Hobbes described the life of most Englishmen in the 17th century as nasty, brutish and short. How far does the evidence presented in Past Speaks chpt. 2, suggest that little had changed by the mid 18th century?Chapter devil of Past Speaks, covers many different articles that discusses the many social classes that were present in Britain at that time. When Thomas Hobbes described the life of the Englishmen as nasty, brutish and short. he was part correct. On the contrary he was also mistaken. Thomas Hobbes made a generalization of the Englishmen, and failed to mention some of the upper and profitable people of the British society. obviously the wealthy and prosperous people were not included in this generalization that is made. Farmers from Norfolk were very successful, as stated in Past Speaks chapter 2, Pointing out the practices which have succeeded so nobly here, whitethorn perhaps be of some use to other countries possessed of the same advantages, but unkno wing in the art of them. Arthur Young, a travelling one-man bureau, wrote about these farmers and successful cattle-breeding men. He speaks of a man by the name of Robert Bakewell, who turned out to be a very wealthy man. Bakewell experimented in the breeding of cattle. He managed to breed a large amount of cattle that could produce more meat and less bone, in which he ended up shipping overseas to neighboring countries. Thomas Hobbes again, did not include these men in the comment he had made.Henri Misson, visiting sportsmen to England did write on the sports and diversions of England. Misson writes Anything that looks like scrap is delicious to an Englishman. If two little boys quarrel in the street, then passengers stop, make a ring round them in a moment, and set them against one another, that they may come to fisticuffs. This piece does support Thomas Hobbes comment on the difference of Englishmen from the 17th to the 18th century. This jutmed as little or nothing had change d with the society. Another advert from Past Speaks these by-standers are not only other boys, porters and rabble, but all sorts of men of fashion some thrusting by the mob that they may see plain. This is evidence that not only the lower social class, but the upper class as well were enthused. This is evidence to Hobbes remark.Thomas Hobbes however did not believe in Democracy.

Creating Slave Laws Essay -- essays research papers

The institution of slavery is a black mark on the record of Americans. sucker a time of hate and racism, an oppression spurred by fear that would plague our nation for decades upon decades. An Act for the Better Order and Government of Negroes and Slaves, and Conflicts between Masters and Slaves free state in the Mid-Seventeenth Century, illustrate the dismay and panic European Colonials endured as they enslaved Africans. This dismay and panic generated laws to be established that further widened the gap between Europeans and Africans, stripping the Africans of either legal rights. The dismay and panic concerned loosing a valuable economic pawn.The first piece, An Act for Better Ordinance, clearly portrays the attitude of the majority of blank Europeans. "Whereaes the plantations and estates of this res publica cannot be well and sufficiently manages and brought into use, without the labor and service of negroes and other slaves i.e., Indians and forasmuch as the said negro es and other slaves brought unto the people of this Province for that purpose, are barbarous, wild, savage natures, and such as renders them wholly unqualified to be governed by the laws, customs, and practices of this Province but that is absolutely necessary."1 The white men of the time felt that their superiority was deemed by a higher power, why else would their skin tones be so drastically different. Racist views of these savage men created fear. With the growing number of slaves, they had to be stripped of everything to prevent anarchy, as the white men could not envision a world without slave labor. The white men rationalized that slaves will escape. To prevent this one must allow them nothing beyond the plantation they were running from. The white men turn to government. "And for the better security of all such persons that shall endeavor to take whatsoever run-away, or shall examine any slave for his ticket, passing to and from his masters plantation, it is hereby declared lawful for any white person to beat, maim or assault, and if such negro or slave cannot otherwise be taken, to kill him, who shall refuse to shew his ticket, or, by running away or resistance, shall endeavor to avoid being apprehended or taken."2 White men had granted themselves a license to kill Africans whose desire for freedom was too strong.Likewise, the second piece, Conflicts between Maste... ...ord/St. Martins, 1999), 48.5.     The Early America Review, Charles P.M. Outwin, Securing the Leg Irons parapet of Legal Rights for Slaves in Virginia and Maryland, 1625-1791. pg 7. Available http//www.earlyamerica.com/review/winter96/slavery.html6.     The Early America Review, Charles P.M. Outwin, Securing the Leg Irons Restriction of Legal Rights for Slaves in Virginia and Maryland, 1625-1791. pg 7. Available http//www.earlyamerica.com/review/winter96/slavery.html7.     journal of benighted Studies, Joyce Tang, Enslaved African Rebellions in Virginia, pg 2 May 1997, v 27, n, p598. Available http//bess.fcla.edu/cgi-bin/cgiwrap/fcliac/cgi2iac/UF?RI199981038.     Journal of Black Studies, Joyce Tang, Enslaved African Rebellions in Virginia, pg 3 May 1997, v 27, n, p598. Available http//bess.fcla.edu/cgi-bin/cgiwrap/fcliac/cgi2iac/UF?RI199981039.     Journal of Black Studies, Joyce Tang, Enslaved African Rebellions in Virginia, pg 4 May 1997, v 27, n, p598. Available http//bess.fcla.edu/cgi-bin/cgiwrap/fcliac/cgi2iac/UF?RI19998103

Kabuki : A Japanese Form Essay -- essays research papers fc

Japans dances and dramas as they are seen today contain 1300 years of continuous unceasing history. This prodigious feat of conservation, internal representationly speaking, makes Japan an extraordinary and unique boorish. In all of Asia, where tradition generally is sanctified and change eschewed, Japan stands as the only(prenominal) country whose theatre is its entirety has never suffered an eclipse nor undergone any drastic revivification or renovation. The most traditional form of Japanese theatre is kabuki. Its source goes back to the latter p imposture of the 16th century and, with extensive and continuous evolution, it has now been perfected into a state of classical refinement. Though not as flourishing as it once was, the kabuki theatre retains wide popularity among the people, and is in fact drawing quite large audiences even now. During the period generally referred to as the capital of Japan Era, during which much of the development of kabuki took place, distinction s between the warrior class and the commoners was more rigidly ob availd than at any other time in Japans history. Mainly the merchants cultivated the art of kabuki in those days. They had become increasingly powerful economically, but had to remain socially inferior as they belonged to the commoner class. To them kabuki was most significant as the artistic way of life by which to express their emotions under the prevailing conditions. Thus, the fundamental themes of kabuki plays are conflicts between humanity and the feudalistic system. It is largely due to this humanistic quality of the art that it gained such an enduring popularity among the general public of those days and remains this way today. A unique feature of the kabuki art, and possibly the most significant detail and in memory with the kabuki spirit of unusualness, is the fact that it has no actresses whatsoever (Bowers 325). Male impersonators known as onnagata play all female parts. The players of the kabuki drama in its primitive stage were in the main women, and with the increasing popularity of kabuki, many of the actresses began to attract undue attention from male admirers. The authorities felt that this would lead to a serious demoralization of the public and in 1629 the theatrical appearance of women was officially banned. However, since the public already accepted kabuki, men immediately took over and have continued performing to the present. The ban on... ...e curtain is open and serve also as prompters. They are not characters in the play and the audience is supposed to disregard them. A review of theatrical history of the world shows that an past dramatic art, once its form has been stabilized in a near perfect state, has been capable of surviving the test of time even when its literary elements were no longer contemporary. (Hsu, 123) The truth of this statement is born out by the present state of kabuki. It does not depict contemporary life in Japan, a country whose whole civil ization has undergone a great degree of Westernization, yet it enjoys wide popularity. A principal reason for this lies in the fact that it is now a crystalised form. Kabuki has thus retained, and seems destined to retain, a place in the nations pride and affection. Works Cited1.Bowers, Faubion. Theatre in the East. New York. Grove Press, Inc., 19932.Hsu, Tao-Ching. The Japanese Conception of the Theatre. Seattle. University of Washington Press, 1985.3.Mackerras, Colin. The Japanese Theatre in Modern Times. Amherst. University of Massachusetts Press, 1975.

Kabuki : A Japanese Form Essay -- essays research papers fc

Japans dances and dramas as they are seen today contain 1300 years of continuous uninterrupted history. This surpassing feat of conservation, theatrically speaking, makes Japan an extraordinary and unique rude. In all of Asia, where tradition generally is sanctified and change eschewed, Japan stands as the only country whose theatre is its entirety has never suffered an eclipse nor undergone any drastic revivification or renovation. The most traditional form of Japanese theatre is kabuki. Its origin goes covering to the latter part of the 16th century and, with extensive and continuous evolution, it has now been perfected into a state of classical refinement. Though not as well-to-do as it once was, the kabuki theatre retains wide popularity among the people, and is in fact drawing quite large audiences even now. During the period generally referred to as the Edo Era, during which frequently of the development of kabuki took place, distinctions between the warrior class and the commoners was more rigidly observed than at any other time in Japans history. Mainly the merchants cultivated the art of kabuki in those days. They had become change magnitudely powerful economically, but had to remain socially inferior as they belonged to the commoner class. To them kabuki was most significant as the artistic means by which to express their emotions under the prevailing conditions. Thus, the fundamental themes of kabuki plays are conflicts between humanity and the feudalistic system. It is largely due to this humanistic quality of the art that it gained such an immutable popularity among the general public of those days and remains this way today. A unique feature of the kabuki art, and possibly the most significant detail and in keeping with the kabuki character of unusualness, is the fact that it has no actresses whatsoever (Bowers 325). Male impersonators known as onnagata play all female parts. The players of the kabuki drama in its primitive stage were pri ncipally women, and with the increasing popularity of kabuki, many of the actresses began to attract undue attention from male admirers. The authorities felt that this would lead to a serious demoralization of the public and in 1629 the theatrical visual aspect of women was officially banned. However, since the public already accepted kabuki, men immediately took over and have continued performing to the present. The ban on... ...e curtain is open and serve too as prompters. They are not characters in the play and the audience is supposed to disregard them. A review of theatrical history of the world shows that an ancient hammy art, once its form has been stabilized in a near perfect state, has been capable of surviving the test of time even when its literary elements were no longstanding contemporary. (Hsu, 123) The truth of this statement is born out by the present state of kabuki. It does not depict contemporary life in Japan, a country whose completely civilization has und ergone a great degree of Westernization, yet it enjoys wide popularity. A principal reason for this lies in the fact that it is now a crystallized form. Kabuki has thereof retained, and seems destined to retain, a place in the nations pride and affection. Works Cited1.Bowers, Faubion. flying field in the East. New York. Grove Press, Inc., 19932.Hsu, Tao-Ching. The Japanese Conception of the Theatre. Seattle. University of Washington Press, 1985.3.Mackerras, Colin. The Japanese Theatre in Modern Times. Amherst. University of Massachusetts Press, 1975.

Animal testing in the United States Essay

Some of the many pros there argon for animal interrogation are scientists and doctors trying to find cures for cancer, aids, and the HIV virus. Also scientists and doctors office animals for research, specifically monkeys because they are the closest thing to humans without using humans. When they adjudicate different medications and procedures on animals it is saving human lives because we are finding cures and were not testing the medications on humans so it reduces the death rate. Insulin for diabetes, lifesaving antibiotics, etc. restrain been do by experimenting on animals. Contagious diseases like smallpox, measles, chickenpox, rubella, polio, rabies, mumps, etc. were brought into control due to vaccines made by carrying out experiments on animals (Baxamusa). Scientists and doctors use monkets near often because they have 99% the same genes that are similar to humans. In animal testing, countless animals are experimented on and then killed after use (Murnaghan).The cons for animal testing and experimenting are that scientists are killing innocent animals for human help and sometimes the medications dont cure the problem for humans. Another con is that animal testing is extremely expensive because the animals have to be fed, have shelter, and they have to be cared for properly until they test drugs on the animals. It is also very dangerous to test drugs on animals. Like in the book The Hot Zone they used monkeys to try and find a cure for the Ebola virus.The dangers in that are that the scientists who are working on the monkeys that have the virus must be suited up and prepared for infection. The Ebola virus is the most dangerous because 9 out of 10 people who get it die within a week of being exposed to the virus. Even though there are both sides to this epidemic I dont think scientists and doctors will stop testing drugs and procedures on animals because of the huge benefit it could and will have on the human race.And they will probably keep testi ng on animals until they find the cures for the biggest diseases in the world such as aids, HIV, cancer, and of course, the Ebola virus. Works Cited Baxamusa, B. N. (2012, March 26). animate being Testing Pros and Cons. In Buzzle . Retrieved May 8, 2013, from http//www. buzzle. com/articles/animal-testing-pros-and-cons. html Murnaghan, I. (2011, July). Using Animals for Testing Pros Versus Cons. In About Animal Testing. Retrieved May 8, 2013, from http//www. aboutanimaltesting. co. uk/using-animals-testing-pros-versus-cons. html

Memorandum of Law and Letter Sample

Memorandum of Law To Al Smith, Senior Partner From Research Associate RE State and Federal courtyard System for atomic number 20 tag v. Al, Kathy, Dan Date January 3rd, 2012 Questions Presented I. Overview of the State and Federal Courts in atomic number 20. II. Which California flirt or butterflys hold jurisdiction for the amount in controversy in the three lawsuits that bob wants to shoot? III. Why should curtsey file cabinet his lawsuits in a particular court or courts? IV. Which scale dog must hold still for himself? Statement of FactsOur lymph gland bob resides in Los Angeles, California and has asked for our advice in three separate cases in which he has loaned people money. In the first case, go after loaned $500 to Al. Al write a promissory note which says that Al will repay the loan in one month. Al has not paid anything. In the second case, Bob loaned $7,000. 00 to Cathy 14 months ago. Cathy signed a promissory note which states that she would pay the note in full in 12 months. She has not paid. In the third case, Bob loaned $55,000 to Dan 24 months ago. Dan signed a promissory note stating he would repay the loan in 18 months. Dan has paid nothing.Al, Cathy, and Dan all reside in Los Angeles, California. California Statutes of Limitation Written agreements (promissory note) 4 years, calculated from the date of breach. Oral agreements 2 years. The statute of limitation is stopped only if the debtor experiences a payment on the account afterwards the expiration of the applicable limitations period. Brief Answers I. Superior courts now have trial jurisdiction over all cultured cases including family law, probate, juvenile, and general civil matters. For monetary issues under $10,000 a person in pro-per living in Los Angeles could file a complaint in undersize claims court.All filings over $10,000 would have to be made in Los Angeles County Superior Court Civil Division. If we were to take an unfavorable ruling above in a court form er(a) than itsy-bitsy claims court we would file an appeal to the 2nd District Court of stir also located in Los Angeles, California. If that ruling was not in our favor we could than appeal to the California tyrannical Court if necessary. Federal courts are similar in structure to State courts in California. The Supreme Court is the highest court in our countrys judiciary. There are devil levels of Federal courts under the Supreme Court, they are The U.S. District Courts (the Trial Courts), and The U. S. Courts of Appeals (the Appellate Courts). II. The three lawsuits could be fled in Los Angeles County Superior Court. To carry through himself some time and money Bob could file the cases against Al ($500) and Cathy ($7,000) in puny claims court. However, we would not be able to make appearances for Bob in those two cases since they are in small claims court, we could advise and prepare him on what he needs to say while he is in court. If Bob wants us to make the appearances f or him we could file all three cases in Los Angeles Superior Court Civil Division.If Bob elects to handle the first two cases on his own in small claims court we could represent him on the third case against Dan ($55,000) in Los Angeles Superior Court Civil Division. Bob does have the option of filing against Dan in small claims court but he would only be able to receive $10,000 and would forfeit the remainder of the loan forever. Bob should also greet that any of our fees would not be recoverable in small claims court except in rare cases. III. Bob should file the two smaller cases in small claims court to hold him time and money in getting a purpose that can be enforced.Our pissed can represent him in the third case against Dan and we should be able to recover attorney fees and cost for him when we win a judgment for him. After a judgment is made we can assist Bob in filing the appropriate liens in his case to make for sure he has a way of recouping his losses from the defend ants. IV. Bob must definitely represent himself in the first case with AL in small claims court. Since it is such a low sum of money it would not be worth it for him to practice session our firm for anything other than legal advice in what documents he needs to file and things he needs to say while in court.If Bob feels comfortable after he does the first case he should have no problem proceeding on his own in the second case in small claims court. Discussion I. The State of California Supreme Court gains authority and jurisdiction through the Constitution of California, Article 6 Section 1. The authority of dividing the state into function creating the Court of Appeals jurisdictions is full-grown to the legislature through the Constitution of California, Article 6, Section 3. The legislature has set up six districts for the Court of Appeals based on geography. inside the jurisdiction of the Court of Appeals are the Superior Courts of California.The Superior Courts have been crea ted by the authority of the Constitution of California, Article 6, Section 4. The authority of the Supreme Court is given(p) via the 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution and is subdivided into the different circuits and districts by authority of the United States Code designation 28, Part 1. In this Code are the needed statutes giving power and jurisdiction to the various federal courts. The court of appeals are comprised of thirteen separate judicial circuits as stated in United States Code Title 28, Part 1, Chapter 3, 41.This same statute covers the area of California, placing California into the Ninth Circuit Jurisdiction. United States Code Title 28, Part 1, Chapter 5, 84, (C), Section (1) divides the substitution District into Divisions placing Los Angeles into the Central District Courts and the Eastern Division. This division comprises the counties of Riverside and San Bernardino. Court for the Eastern Division shall be held at a suitable site in the metropol is of Riverside, the city of San Bernardino, or not much than 5 miles from the boundary of either such city. II. Bob is requesting information on three different cases that have similar feature patterns.Bobs case Vs. Al will need to be filed inwardly California Superior Court, Small Claims Court Title Three based on Civil Rules 3. 1 3. 2120. This division will hear Bobs claim for the amounts under $10,000 SB221. A plaintiff may not file a claim exceeding $2500. 00 more than twice per year, so this should be kept into consideration should Bob have subsequent claims in the near future. Bobs claim against Cathy based on the $7,000. 00 promissory note should be filed as an action as a Small Claims Case to be tried within the Superior Court Small Claims Division, of Los Angeles.Both cases against Cathy and Al can be handled similarly since the only difference is the dollar amounts. Bob can see how comfortable he feels after the first case is completed and then decide if he wants to h andle it in small claims court or if he would like our firm to represent him in Superior Court Civil Division. In Dans case if Bob didnt think he would ever recover more than $10,000 he could handle this case in small claims court and save himself time and money although he would be taking a major loss.If Dan has the assets and force for Bob to get his money back than our firm should represent him in the civil division of Los Angeles Superior Court and Bob with a judgment Bob would be able to recover attorneys fees. III. By filing the first two cases in small claims court Bob will save money and time and be able to enforce a judgment he receives sooner instead of the two cases being tied up in court. Obtaining a Lien after judgment under CALIFORNIA CODES CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE SECTION 697. 310-697. 410 would be the only way to make sure our client can recoup his claims.The case with Dan should be filed in Los Angeles Superior Court Civil Division so Bob has a chance at recouping a ll of the money he has loaned. IV. Bob must represent himself in any case he wants to file in small claims court consistent to California Civil Code, Section 116. 540 stating that except in circumstances that will not relate to this inquire about attorney representation, and no individual other than the plaintiff and the defendant may take part in the conduct or defense of a small claims action. __________________________ Research Associate Client earn Dear Bob, You have asked me to do some legal research regarding the overview of the State and Federal Courts in California and where to begin the recovery of three loans you made at different times to three different people in Los Angeles, California using promissory notes. For monetary issues under $10,000 a person living in Los Angeles could file a complaint in small claims court. All filings over $10,000 would have to be made in Los Angeles County Superior Court Civil Division.If we were to receive an unfavorable ruling above in a court other than small claims court we would file an appeal to the 2nd District Court of Appeal also located in Los Angeles, California. If that ruling was not in our favor we could than appeal to the California Supreme Court if necessary. Federal courts are similar in structure to State courts in California. The Supreme Court is the highest court in our countrys judiciary. There are two levels of Federal courts under the Supreme Court, they are The U. S. District Courts (the Trial Courts), and The U. S. Courts of Appeals (the Appellate Courts).It is my understanding that Al, Cathy and Dan are refusing to repay the generous loans that you made to them. Under California Statue of Limitations you have 4 years to file a claim for breach of a promissory note and you are well within your rights to do so as long as you preceptort wait longer than four years from the date that the breach occurred. In order for you to start your two cases against Al and Cathy you will need to file a cla im in Los Angeles County small claims court as the amounts of $500 and $7,000 is well below the small claims court allowable limit of $10,000. I would be happy to ssist you in filing your claim and can also assist in preparing you for your court date but small claims court rules do not allow you to be represented by an attorney at court. By filing this case in small claims court and then obtaining a judgment this would be the cheapest and fastest way in helping you to recover your money in this case. The third case against Dan would have to be filed in Los Angeles Superior Court Civil Division. In this case you could also file for reasonable attorneys fees and cost as well as the $55,000 loan. Please let me know whether there is anything else I can do for you. Respectfully, Al Smith

Cal by Bernard Mac Laverty †Critical Evaluation Essay

Cal is a romantic-tragedy novel written by the Irish author, Bernard macintosh Laverty. It is a fiction story closely a young man living in northerly Ireland during the troubles of the 1970s. The source conveys a number of hearty themes through skilful writing and the novels plot, such as eviliness, hypocrisy and bigotry. In this essay, I will be focusing on the themes of the story, the purpose of why the novel was written and the authors use of resourcefulness to enhance his writing.The events of this story take broadcast in Northern Ireland in the 1970s. During the period of time in which this story is set in, Northern Ireland was going through what we would now refer to as creation The Troubles. This was a period of conflict involving republi good deal and loyalist paramilitary organisations and included conflicts and violence. Cal is close to a young adult named Cal who is living in Northeren Ireland at this time. He is a Catholic living in a Protestant bea with his pose, Shamie. This leads to him being the victom of umpteen bigotry driven attacks, such as his house being burnt down and to him being insulted on his own street. He starts to f exclusively in drive in with a woman named Marcella, which, from the very beginning, is a doomed relationship.This is because a year earlier Cal was reluctantly problematical in the murder of a Protestant policeman, who was, in fact, Marcellas husband. Cal becomes closer and closer to Marcella as the novel goes on, and you find out more round the murder as the plot develops. He then lands himself-importance a job at Mrs. Mortons farm, the mother of Marcellas husband, Robert. This brings him even closer to Marcella and they start to have a relationship with each other. This relationship becomes even more acute when Cal is offered to stay in Mrs. Mortons outhouse (as his house had been burnt down). He is then arrested at the end of the novel, for the murder of Robert.The ending of the story was very skil lfully done. Near the end of the story, Mac Laverty builds up massive tension through certain events in the plot. It is then all concluded in a small, hitherto effective, paragraph. It tells us enough information to feel satifsfied, yet wanting to know more. It leaves key questions in the readers mind such as whether he deserved it or not and what will be his fate. I believe that the plot is a very important aspect of the story as it develops the imagination and atmosphere and it is the events which take place which allow the themes to be conveyed.All the characters in Cal have complicated lifes. Most of them have good and corky sides and are all affected in different ways by the troubles. Cal is nineteen years old. He lives with his father and he is a Catholic. He is caught up with the IRA (Irish republican Party) and takes part in a number of crimes which he does not want to be part of. After he joined, he had to do what they asked, such as when Cal thinks of the things the IRA doThey shoot deserters even deserters who protested that they hadnever joined in the first place.This quotation shows that Cal is scared of Crilly and Skeffington (members of the IRA) and that he is in danger. It overly shows that Cal never cute to take part in the violence making it sound stupid that they would shoot him. This whole section shows that Cal is vunerable. The writer makes out that Robert is a hard works loving man throughout the story. For mannequin, when Marcella is telling Cal about her husbandHe was so plausible one of those people that everybody likes incompany.This quote shows that Robert was popular and was a worthy man, and there is in like manner evidence showing that he was witty and intelligent. However, we subsequently find out that he was not all what he was meant to have been, as Marcella confesses to CalHe told lies, Cal. All the time. About his affairs I know he had two or three at least about his drinking and the money he spentThis is an exam ple of how the characters have both good and bad characteristics. Despite this, Marcella still loved him and was distraught when he was murdered. This also makes the characters more realistic, which lets the reader relate to the different characters in Cal. It also creates the question of who was too blame for The Troubles which relates to the theme and purpose of the novel, which I will be discussing later in this essay.All of the characters are affected by the troubles as well, as most of their problems are due to that situation. For example, if it was not for the troubles, then Cal would not have been involved with the IRA and Robert wouldnt have been murdered, taking problems out of all of the characters lives. All of the characters features reflect the themes, such as Cals characteristic of being vunerable, leading to his self loathing and guilt.There are some themes in the novel Cal. One of these themes that I will be focusing on is the theme of hypocrisy. Hypocrisy direction the pretence of possessing virtues, beliefs or qualities that one does not really have, especially in matters of religion or morality. One way in which the author displays this theme is via precise characters, such as Crilly. Crilly is part of a gang who are fighting for independence from Great Britain. For example, when Skeffington is talk of the town about CrillyThere are not many aspects of our culture which interests Mr Crilly. But hes a useful man.This quote shows that Crilly does not care about Irish independence and culture but is still in the gang as he likes the thrill of violence. It also shows that the IRA are not offended about his beliefs but just want him to serve up with their struggle. This shows them being hypocritical as they kill people who do not believe or reject their views, but someone who does not care about Irish independence can help with the violence. Another way in which hypocrisy is showing is through thoughts of characters and their dialogue. This is taking from a part where Dunlop (Cals Protestant employer) is talking to Cal about the situation in Northern IrelandWould you do the same to the Loyalist prisoners every time a Catholic was murdered?Dunlop thinks that for any Protestant policeman who is murdered by a Catholic, two Catholics should be shot. This quotes shows that Dunlop is a hypocrite as he would shoot two Catholics every time a Protestant policeman was murdered but not if it was the other way around. This also shows that Dunlop is a bigot, which ties in with my next theme, bigotry. A bigot is a person who is stubbornly or intolerantly devoted to their own religion, or opinion. Bigotry is the main cause of fear and violence in the story. One night, Cal and his father receive a note statingGET OUT YOU FENYAN SCUM OR WELL BURN YOU OUT. THIS IS YOUR 2ND WARNING, THERE WILL BE NO OTHERUVFThis clearly diplays pure bigotry. Cal and his father are being threatened to leave their home of many years, just because of thei r religion. This quote also shows how ignorant the UVF are, as they have spelt fenyan wrongly. This leads to Cal and his father being fearful, for exampleShamie was putting the gun beneath his pillow and climbing intobedThis shows that Cals father has to keep a weapon underneath his pillow as there is a constant threat of violence.Another theme which has been cleverly developed is the theme of guilt. Cal feels inculpatory about his involvement in the killing of Robert, which leads to his self-loathing. At the start of the novel, the writer makes this very obviousMerde. Crotte de chein. Merderer.Cal hates himself so much, that he makes up words to describe himself. The word merderer has a possible two meanings it shows that he is guilty and secondly it shows his self loathing. As he becomes more and more involved with Marcella, his guilt increasesNow that he felt safe from the world outside he was being attackedfrom within his own headThis quote is taken from the section where he is living and working with Marcella. It shows that guilt is eating him up and is destroying him and his life. The author also uses writing techniques to convey the theme of guiltIt was as if idleness had allowed dirt to accumulate on his Cal soul,to clog his mind, and work moved him through it untouchedMac Laverty uses this metaphor to show how Cal was brooding over Mortons death and his involvement. It also shows that he thinks that he deserves to go to hell for what he has done. When Marcella tells Cal about what Robert was really like, it complicates his guilt as he now knows that Robert sometimes brought misery to Marcella, and maybe it was good that Robert was murdered.All of these themes show the writers purpose in writing. He shows bad and good sides to both Protestant and Catholic organisations, leading to us to wonder which is the good side in the novel. The story also shows us how difficult and rampageous Northern Ireland was at that time in history, and how deeply everybod y was affected. To an extent, the way the author writes also shows aspects of him being a bit ashamed of his country, due to the negative lucubrate and feelings he writes about.Mac Laverty uses a range of techniques to create the mood and atmosphere in the novel. One of these techniques, is his use of imagery. The story starts with this mood with the author describing the scenes taking place in an abattoirIt was immediately winched up by one of the hind shanks and itsthroat cutThe author uses a lot of violence and blood imagery at the start of the novel to set the tone of the book. Other evidence which shows this use of evidence is that there are a lot of deaths and murders mentioned in the novel. An example of this is when Cal and his father are watching the news and the author describes the events that had happened, which were mainly murders and violence, in a way which seemed to be normal. Death permeates the novel as does religion. There are often references to the Bible and to religious symbols throughout the novel. Symbolism is another technique that Mac Laverty uses. There is also symbolism to certain fairytales, such as when Marcella is talking to Cal about her daughter, LucyLucys favourite story at the minute is RepunzelThis is significant as Marcella feels like she is trapped because she tries to do the right thing.The plot has been structured in a sophisticated way. The story has two climaxes one in the middle and the other at the end. The first one occurs when the writer tells you about the death of Robert. This is significant as there is a huge tension built up before you find out. The author does this via short clues which are spread out throughout the novel and short sentences. The second climax is done in a similar way, but the paragraph in which it concludes, is quick and snappy and tells of only the most significant point, which is Cal being arrested. The dialogue of the novel is very realistic. The author does this by using Irish forms of s lang, such as da instead of dad, and explicit language. The writer also uses great techniques to enhance his writingHis sin clawed at him, demanding attentionThe writer personifies the idea of the sin, describing the feeling of it clawing, to give the idea of Cals guilt and how is is destroying him and is eating him up. The verb clawing is associated with violence and adds to the imagery that the author uses to enhance his novel and to create the atmosphere.I thoroughly enjoyed reading Cal. It made me realise how lives can be destroyed due to situations which do not even involve them. The themes of the novel also made me more aware about some peoples views and how they can sometimes be full of violence and hatred. It showed me what life was like in Ireland in those days and how we have to try to avoid anything so destructive from possibility again.

Case Study: Ryanair Essay

1) Whats your assessment of Ryanairs launch scheme?In 1986, the Ryan siblings are getting ready to blend in competing against British Air ports and Aer Lingus on the Dublin-London route. This route was one of the most traveled air routes inEurope, which meant that Ryanair was taking a big risk by deciding to enter this market. At the moment the airline passenger market was a complex one, since the governments would highly control it. Additionally, the airline industry has high fixed woos, which was something that Ryanair expected to take into describe if the company wanted to face its already experienced competitors. However the Ryan br others knew that it was important to fly this route, and so they decided to follow an aggressive strategy sell cheaper Dublin-London tickets (PRICE). The worry with this strategy was that they did not highly differentiate from their competitors, and as a result a price war took place. By 1989 prices were as low as 70 pounds, and even though Rya nair started flying other routes, by 1991 it seemed that bankruptcy was around the corner for the airline.The main problem that led Ryanair to this poor performance was that the companys strategy focused on competing on operating efficiency, without altering its cost structure against experienced and somehow protected companies by some of their stakeholders.The strategy followed by the airline could hardly enhance the competitive vantage Ryanair had (operational efficiency), because at that moment the airline did not have a good amount of customers andadditionally it did not crystalise that its competitors could easily reduce their price to the marginal cost, which they were already able to cover. The strategy was not sustainable by any means. Another problem that arise thank to the poor strategy chosen by the company, was that it did not gave the client a certain level of added value that would be attractive for him/her. Therefore Ryanair lacked a get in competitive positioning, whichenabled a quick retaliation from BA and AL. And as a result, if Ryanair wanted to continue in art, it had to completely change its strategy and revise is goals by figuring out a way in which the perceive added value they could give to the customers was good enough to, later on, capture value from them.2) How do you necessitate Aer Lingus and British Airways to respond? Why?Both Aer Lingus and British Airways were already well-established in the Dublin-London route and this route provided a high-volume of business and return on capital, especially for Aer Lingus. further thenRyanair appeared and, as we know, the entry of a new competitor represents an entry price below the markets price. So now what? What should these two companies do? Aer Lingus and British Airways have two options either they maintain their current level of prices, or start a price war. In order to decide which way to go, they have to think how costly it would be for them to retaliate against Ryanairs laun ch rather than accommodate it. Both companies have a significant disadvantage, they have a cost structure very difficult to cut (staff + accommodation, ground+ selling + handling and catering represents to a greater extent than 45% of the costs per passenger, approximately 90 and they need to add landing fees and oil). As if this wasnt enough, it is also very difficult to start a strategy based in differentiation because Ryanair, at that time, was toilsome to offer a service of a similar quality to these companies (first-rate customer service.) Both Aer Lingus and British Airways are supported and hence policies are also controlled by respective governments.Offering low cost airfare requires whole systemic change which is not practically possible just for the reason of retaliating Ryanair. However, these two companies are competitors with darksome pockets and theres a possibility of them driving Ryanair out of business by reducing price to their marginal cost, even if that margina l cost would be higher than marginal benefits. So, considering all of this plus the fact that Ryanair is a very nascent to fully fledged airline service and the very volatile revenues of airway industry, we think that Aer Lingus and British Airways will not retaliate on Ryanairs price strategy.3) How costly would it be for Aer Lingus and British Airways to retaliate against Ryanairs launch strategy rather than accommodate it?Both for British Airways and Aer Lingus, retaliating against Ryanairs launch strategy would end in a price war as Ryanairs exactly focus is cost leadership. The costs of entering thisprice war would be higher than potential advantages. British Airways calls itself The worlds favorite airline a clear differentiation statement and has a successful flotation and privatization as one of its mail goals. Entering a price war would show its abilities to troth against competitors, however price pressures can cut profit margins to the bone, especially as the airline might have to face not only Ryanair but more low-cost competitors in the future. Restoring its high fares might result in operating losses. After Colin Marshall joined the company, British Airways focused on satisfying full-fare business customers. If it were to retaliate against Ryanair, it might lose those business class customers and its reputation for safe, reliable flights and an outstanding customer service.International journeys accounted for two thirds of British Airways sell seats and 90% of its revenue. As Ryanair is focusing on short-haul, intra-Europe flights, British Airways focus should be on overseas flights which typically generate more money. British Airways has the advantage of an extensive network and its location at London Heathrow Airport which distinguishes it from Ryanair as a low-cost operator. Exhibit 4 in the case shows that British Airways had 140.9 cost per passenger. So if it were to retaliate against Ryanair, it would have to cut costs by almost 30% w hich would result in a harsh decline in perceived value by its high-end customers. If the airline accommodates Ryanairs launch strategy, it can focus on its differentiation strategy and experience in international flights which makes Ryanair a slight dangerous competitor as target groups are different. The costs of retaliation are similar for Aer Lingus. If it enters a price war, it will probably lose more money because it cannot even operate profitably with the prices charged above Ryanair levels.Furthermore, it would need high capital expenditures to modernize its fleet. Although it might lose some passengers to Ryanair, the disadvantages of retaliation would heretofore exceed possible gains. The airlines goal is mostly to promote national interests and be safe, efficient, reliable and predictable. As Aer Lingus can be seen as a public good, it can count on extensive government support. Furthermore, it even has the chance to break even with its diverse portfolio that includes ma intenance services and engineer trainings to other services. In order to keep its good reputation, accommodating Ryanairs launch strategy would be the best thing to do despite potential befoggedcustomers. Aer Lingus would, just like British Airways, be confronted with a tough price war which it can barely win because of its inefficient cost structures and its differentiation strategy appealing to its loyal customers.

Meat Industry Essay

People all(a) over the world eat meat for its nutritional value and taste. The United States Department of Agriculture reports that in the category 2011 people in the U.S consumed 25.6 billion pounds of beef. Most of this meat was produced in America. A Holistic approach to nutrition for thought production is important in post to alter the quality of beef. What we feed our cattle, the housing conditions and the slaughter procedure directly impacts our food. What the farmers feed cattle directly affects the quality of beef for the consumer. The awe has legion(predicate) more(prenominal) benefits from feeding grass than being fed corn. It is a lot healthier for terrify to consume grass because that is what their stomachs be do for. The stomachs have three sections that be made specifically for digesting grass (Healthy possibleness -Corn-Fed Vs. smoking-Fed Beef). Today, most awe argon put on a closely that is based on corn. The awe used to be fed grass and roam fr ee but since than there have been changes. The idea about feeding cattle grain began during World War II. It all started when farmers were producing more grain than the Ameri eject population could handle, so the rest of it was fed to cows. It was discovered that feeding a cow different types of grains fattened them up a lot faster than when cows were consuming grass. With a grass fed diet, it takes cows about five years to reach 1,200 pounds.However, with the grain-based diet it takes a cow about 390 days to get to a reachable weight for slaughter (Healthy Theory -Corn-Fed Vs. Grass-Fed Beef). Also, the producer benefits more from feeding his cows corn because it is cheaper than grass. Therefore, a diet based on corn is more cost effective but the quality of meat has less nutritional value (Why Grass Fed- Health Benefits of Grass Fed Beef). The consumer benefits more from meat that comes from cows that consume grass rather than in-taking different types of grains. The cow is a lot healthier and happier when it is eating grass, which results in higher(prenominal) quality meat. Since cows stomachs are meant to break down grass, a corn based diet causes changes in the digestion of a cow hightail iting to serious health problems, such as diarrhea, ulcers, and a weakened immune system. As a result of these issues, the cows are given antibiotics to help prevent this from occurring, which makes the meat unhealthier (Healthy Theory -Corn-Fed Vs. Grass-Fed Beef). Another huge topic of concern is the disregard of animal welfare.These animals arent being pull offd for and they are treated as units of production (Learn About The Issues). In order to fatten up cows in time for slaughter, many farmers put them in feedlots. The conditions these cows go through are unbearable. As many cows as possible are crammed into each pen. The result of this is massive amounts of waste covering the animals living space (The Issues Animal Welfare). This causes the air to be unhealthy a nd creates many gases and diseases that arent wanted. During the whole time the cows are in the feedlot they are breathing in methane gas. Large amounts of methane are bad for animals because it takes external oxygen from the air, which can affect the central unquiet system (2- Health Effects of Methane). The alternative is a more holistic way, which allows the cattle to roam around freely on huge pastures until they get fat enough to get slaughtered. In the United States, animal welfare is being ignored, because cows are being treated in a cruel and unhealthy way.When they are living in the feedlots, they are covered with manure and arent being cared for. As soon as cows are fat enough to get slaughtered, they are sent to the closest slaughterhouse. On their journey they are faced with heartbreaking situations. They are often transported from 1,200 to 1,500 miles away in scorching hot weather or freezing temperatures. Dr. Lester Friedlander, a former U.S. Department of Agriculture veterinarian inspector said, They are crammed onto trucks and go without food or water for days. When it is cold, they are in the back of a trailer with nothing covering them. As the driver drives sixty miles per hour, cows are being exposed to a variety of extreme weather. Many cows collapse in hot weather. While they are traveling they urinate. After past it begins to freeze while their hooves are standing in it. Also, the fur of the cows freezes to the sides of the trucks until workers pry them off with crowbars(Cow Transport and Slaughter). When the cows get to the slaughterhouse, they are often in bad conditions. Most of them are sick and cannot walk because they are too weak. In order to move weak and injured cows they are dragged on with a bulldozer by a chain around their neck or leg.Even though they are in bad shape, cows are still being used for their meat because it means more cash in the producers pocket. If some of the cows are able to walk, they are still abused. Workers beat them with a metal rod in order to move them faster (The Humane Society of the United States). Also, before they are stamp outed the cows are lined up to wait for their turn to be stunned so that they will pass out before they get slaughtered. Sometimes the arresting procedure does not work. Ramon Moreno, a slaughterhouse worker has stated that he often has to cut the legs off of cows that are completely conscious. They blink. They make noises, he says. The head moves, the eyes are wide and looking around. They die piece by piece. If workers try to report that the cows are still alive they chance loosing their jobs (Cow Transport and Slaughter). After cows reach a certain weight they are ready to be slaughtered for meat consumption. The process of turning cows into packed meat can cause the meat to be infected. Before they are slaughtered, cows are cleaned. However, in some cases not well enough. The waste of the cow can get into the processed meat that is being cut by the workers.This can contaminate the meat with E-coli, which is a type of bacteria that can lead to death. According to Centers for Disease Control estimates, up to 20,400 cases of E. coli infection and 500 deaths from E-coli disease occur annually in the United States (Escherichia Coli 0157H7). Another disease that is created in these fast paced industries is mad cow disease. (the issues-slaughterhouses and processing). Mad cow disease affects the cows nervous system and it causes the cow to act confused and loose control of the qualification to walk (What is Mad Cow Disease). When people eat infected beef they may contract a human version of mad cow disease. It affects the nervous system causing depression and loss of coordination. As it becomes more severe, it causes dementia (The Basics of Mad Cow Disease). With our modern day technology, slaughterhouses are able to kill thousands and thousands of cows every day.There are many solutions that can change the food fabrication to produce their meat in a more animal friendly way. To help cut back more meat being produced in factories, consumers can support local farms by eating food that is grown locally. Holistic farming care for their animals and focus on getting delicious, healthy meat than just producing more and more for profit. The food quality of holistic farmed meat is a lot better because the cows are raised and treated well as opposed to when the animals are abused their whole life. If we sincerely want a change, it is up to Americans to demand that. Currently, laws support the industrial farming methods and lack the attempt of helping small farms grow. An example is that American tax money goes to support research and the operating cost of large food producing companies (Learn About the Issues).In order for there to be a change, citizens need to become awake of the process. Change will happen by the consumer supporting politicians who are looking to change the food industry. Consequently, pro ducers would need to be more focused on the care of the animals than earning as much money as possible. What American farmers feed their cattle, where they raise them and how they get slaughtered directly impacts the quality of our food. It is important for consumers to be aware of the United States food industry because there is so much more behind the food brought to you in the supermarket. If the consumer buys meat that is produced holistically, and legislation puts focus on the care of animals, the food industry will be forced to improve their methods.

Rn vs Bsn

Care approaches and decision-making A compare and contrast of associate- mark level verses baccalaureate-degree level in nursing Heidi Kruger Grand Canyon University NRS-430 (NRS-430V-O103) Professional kinetics Feb, 2013 Abstract As an ever-changing health care system continues to evolve our practice becomes more advanced. The healthcare system requires an expanded friendship base and develop in coiffure to deliver safe, comprehensive care. As in-hospital patient stays shorten and patient care moves to a community setting, a greater issuance of specialized harbors are needed.Expected to turn out new hats, nurses must attain a higher level of education if we are to adequately rise to new challenges and cope with the new rolls of our profession. ADN vs BSN Whats in the alphabet soup Established in the U. S. in 1909, baccalaureate computer programmes provided a comprehensive education for anyone whom desired to become a nurse professional. Generally this education pathway con sisted of fives years of formal education, with three years providing a concentration on the nursing practice.Included in this preparation where courses on public health and education. Later, the preparation was expanded to include courses such as evidence-based practice, clinical prevention, improved patient outcomes and other upper lever critical cerebration courses. In the mid 1950s the U. S. encountered a nursing shortage and the demand for nurses became great. Developed by Mildred Montag in 1952, the associate degree in nursing program (ADN) was developed to fill this demand for nurses during the World War II and post World War II era.This program was only two years in length and included a balance of general education and clinical nursing courses. Its purpose was to provide technical nurse. These ADN prepared nurses where to assist and work nether the supervision of a professional nurse. (Creasia, 2011) As the years progressed and the nursing shortage resolved, the ADN progra m remained recognized and many prospective nurses chose the two year community college program to its now four year university counterpart as it as more cost effective and granted the same license upon successful completion of the situate board exam. Impact on competent patient care Multiple studies indicate that BSN nurses are better prepared to provide health care. As BSN brook a higher level of education, which include more critical thinking and a deeper understanding of subjects such as rick management. This education is essential in making quick life and death decisions. more than over, inpatient stays are becoming shorter with more care being provided in outpatient settings.Less time in an inpatient setting means a decreased amount of time with which to provide effective, competent care and deliver comprehensive, retainable patient education (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2000) As more care is delivered in a community setting i. e. patients homes, it decrease s the available support that a lower level ADN may need. For example, there may be more PRN drugs. A nurse would need to understand how these drugs work separately and how they interact with each other without the aid of pharmacy immediately on had.As technical nurses, they are trained more to do. If a patient shows signs of heart attach or respiratory distress, an ADN nurse may immediately give pinch medication. In contrast a BSN may ask. Are you ok? What medication have you taken? What are you feeling? What where you doing when this began? All while assessing non-verbal cues in order to determine the appropriate action to take. BSN prepared nurses are trained to think quickly before acting quickly. If fast critical thinking and a deeper knowledge of disease processes are not combined, it may prove deadly.Evidenced based Studies Multiple studies show that a higher level of education reflects in patient care. interrogation at the University of Pennsylvania revealed at one Magnet H ospital that surgical patients had 14 part lower odds in death and 12 pct lower odds of failure to resituate within a thirty day period compared to there non-Magnet counterparts. A study in 2007 revealed that a 10 percent increase in BSN prepared nurses where associated with 9 fewer deaths for every 1,000 discharged patients (Rosseter, 2012). BSN prepares nurses have a more positive impact on patient outcomes.Achieve a broader scope of practice and are superior caregivers particularly in emergency situations. By taking advantage of a higher level of preparation, it allows a nurse to practice to his / her full potential. Conclusion Nurses continue to pioneer new fields. Taking on new tittles such as Case Manager, Infection Control, Risk instruction and Legal Nurse Consultant, the role of Nursing is quickly moving from one of patient care to that of community educator and resource manager. We are expected to wear new hats on a daily basis.For this reason, nurses must attain a higher level of education than was accepted in the past. It becomes ever more plain that an ADN (Associated Degree in Nursing) program is not sufficient to prepare nurses for these new rolls. Many of these new rolls require a specialized certification. A higher degree of academic achievement is required if we are to adequately keep up with the challenges of a ever changing health care system and meet the demands of an progressively technologically sophisticated society. References Creasia, J. L & Friberg, E (2011).Conceptual Foundations The bridge to professional nursing practice. St. Louis Missouri Elsevier Mosby. Page 25-27. Retrieved from http//pageburstls. elsevier. com//books/978-0-323-06869-7 American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2000, October 24). Retrieved February 26, 2012 from http//www. aacn. nche. edu/publications/position/bacc-degree-prep Robert J. Rosseter (2012, October 24). Creating a More High Qualified Nursing Workforce. Retrieved February 25, 2012 from http//ww w. aacn. nche. edu/media-relations/fact-sheets/nursing-workforce

Ib Laq – Reliability of Memory

LAQ Reli talent of Memory Discuss, with reference to relevant look studies, the extent to which repositing is reliable. This paper entrust evaluate the extent to which memory is reliable. While the human ability to have memory is an incredibly complex, yet amazing cognitive process, recent psychological look into present that memory isnt an imaginative reconstruction of past events, and is therefore not as reliable as previously thought. Memories idler be influenced by another(prenominal) factors other than what was recorded initially due to the rehabilitative nature of memory (e. g. , schemas).Repression may alike occur and false memories rear end be created, making memory even less reliable. The extent to which memory is reliable has all kinds of practical applications, ranging from eyewitness testimony and psychoanalyze ancient history to taking a simple test. This paper will evaluate Loftus and Palmers (1974) lab Experiment 2 and Levinger & Clark (1961) Experiment, which tested the extent to which memory is reliable. Both studies point out that memory can be manipulated and differs depending on the subject and time, making it less reliable than what an one-on-one would initially expect.Firstly, this paper will look into Loftus and Palmers (1974) Lab Experiment 2. The aim of this experiment was to see whether misleading post-event information much(prenominal) as the wording of leading questions could create false memories. An independent measures design was used, where 150 students were shown a cut down of a car accident. Then, the participants were split into three conferences of 50. The 1st group was asked, How fast were the cars going when they hit each(prenominal) other? The 2nd group was asked, How fast were the cars going when they smashed each other? And the 3rd group wasnt asked to estimate the speed of the cars in the accident, as they were the controlled group. A week later, they were asked whether they saw any broken glass, de spite the fact that the video didnt include any broken glass. The researchers found that the second group, on average, gave higher speed estimates and that they recalled seeing broken glass. As a prove, they concluded that the wording of the questions had an effect on the estimation of speed and the perception of the accident. The higher rates of participants seeing broken glass and stimating that the cars were going express is more likely to be involved when they were asked the leading question with the word smash. Loftuss research indicated that it is possible to manipulate and form false memories using misleading information after the event had occurred, such(prenominal) as the format of a question, causing memory to be distorted and lead to inaccurate recall. This is withal known as confabulation, which is the confusion of true memories with false ones. The study itself is relevant and has both weaknesses and strengths. Firstly, due to a well thought out procedure, the resear chers findings match what they set out to find.The use of an experimental methodology also allows for a cause & effect to be determined, and for the experiment to be easily replicated. Also, a control particularize was used in the study in the form of a 3rd group that was not asked about the accident but only whether they saw broken glass or not, for reliability of results. On the other hand, the study has numerous weaknesses. It has been criticized for its low ecological validity. In real life, events that might need to be recalled ofttimes take place unexpectedly and in an atmosphere of tension, such as a court.It is difficult to act as such conditions in a laboratory, and it is possible that eyewitnesses remember real events differently than staged events. Moreover, all the participants were Americans, making it culturally bias. Finally, the research requires participants to estimate speed, making the answers subjective to each individual, and may have influenced the results. Another study examining the reliability of memory is Levinger & Clark Study (1961). The aim of this research was to examine whether repression can cause the forgetting of certain quarrel.Participants were shown devil mixed wordlists, some had negative emotional connotations and some were sluggish. The researchers compared the recall ability of the participants for the different types of words. The researchers speculated on what the supposition of repression suggests should happen. They found that participants had poorer recall of emotionally negative words, such as fight and fear. Hence, they concluded that words with negative emotional connotations are subdue. Therefore, the research suggests that are memory represses words that distort our emotions, causing us to forget, making memory less reliable.The study itself used a solid experiment methodology. being a laboratory experiment, it can be easily repeated, and cause and effect can be open to a fair degree. Also, Kleins Re search (1972) also supports this experiment. Similarily to Levinger & Clark, Klein found that participants had poorer recall for a wordlist where they had been insulted, again suggesting that repression occurs when an individual is exposed to emotionally negative material. However, when Bradley and Baddely (1990) replicated the study, they found that recall of negative words was higher after a delay.Therefore, the original study may have produced false results. A few reasons that explain the inconsistent result may have been that the participants were distracted or demotivated during recall at one of the studies, exposing methodological flaws. In addition, the neutral words may have had too much of a positive effect on the participants, aid them remember them. Either way, both the original and the replicated study suggest that memory isnt a faultless representation of the past. Lastly, the study holds low ecological validity as it was conducted in a laboratory surroundings as is as a result less likely to be true to life.Overall, memory can be manipulated, creating distorted and false memories. Both Levinger & Clark (1961) and Loftus and Palmer (1974) both suggest that memory can be repressed and shaped depending on the subject, time, individual etc. Memory can create a general go for of past events, but it is simplified and is very subjective to the individual. Hence, we must be aware of the subjectivity of memory, peculiarly when relying on its accuracy during eyewitness testimonies, when writing history, or even writing an autobiography.

Ampalaya Coffee Essay

Abstract This investigatory project aims to prep atomic number 18 and too to make a hot chocolate from the Ampalaya Seeds. We know that Ampalaya or also cognize as Bitter melon is known for as its bitterness and astringent taste , the bitter melon can see every(prenominal)where. This investigatory project advertize us students to make a drinking chocolate, as an alternative product . This airfield was conducted to determine the feasibility of the ampalaya seeds as coffee berry. The researchers used powdered Ampalaya seeds in this study.After researching and collecting the raw materials, the researchers were able to begin the experimentation. The coffee was obtained by drying, grinding, and roasting the seeds of ampalaya, and boiled. After boiling, the coffee was manually extracted with the use of a clean cloth. The study focuses on producing coffee out of ampalaya seeds. It does not aimed to determine which coffee (ampalaya seeds vs. commercial coffee) has more nutritional value or which is more nutritious. II. Ac experiencement.We would like to thank to the following person that argon help us to start and to continuing this our investigative Project ,including the following to our ALMIGHTY GOD that help us and give us strength and knowledge to explain the main idea of this investigatory project . To our parents and also our friend who give us supports to sex our Investigatory Project. For our parents that supplies our needs , including the financial needs . THANK YOU Chapter 1 Introduction In our modern propagation , many people in our country used coffee especially our grandparents and also our parents. coffee is known as beverage to the majority of the people. It is known for its stimulating effect on the functions of the brain , thus do the drinker active . Variants of coffee flavors were already recrudesced all throughout the world aiming for the discovery of alternative sources of coffee production . The coffee from ampalaya seeds help us to earn and save money . A. Background of the study Coffee alternatives have been famous since the last two decades due to economic crisis and experimentations for health and medical benefits.Any seeds that are edible when powdered can be used as an alternative source for coffee. The difference of the generic coffee from the seeds of the coffee plant from those of the alternatives is that it has a good amount of caffeine content. The similarity you can construe in the alternatives and those of the original is that seeds contain carbohydrates which cause the aroma in roasted coffee. Ampalaya, on the some other hand, is a crawling vine that grows mostly on tropical countries like the Philippines. It is said to be rich in iron, potassium, beta-carotene and other nutrients.It is also famous in treating diabetes because of its properties like polypeptide-P a plant insulin that can lower ancestry lucre levels. Many researches on agricultural food chemistry convey that it provides nutr itionally significant amounts of nutrients, minerals and amino acids that are needed for life. B. Objectives of the study B1. General Objectives 1. To determine if the ampalaya seeds have considerable characteristics of the products in terms of color, aroma, taste, and acidity. B2. Specific Objectives 1. To produce coffee using ampalaya seeds as the main ingredient.2. To determine and compare the levels of acceptability of the coffee samples. C. Hypotheses NULL 1. in that location is no significant difference among the different ampalaya coffee samples developed in terms of their color, aroma, and taste. ALTERNATIVE 1. thither is no significant difference among the different ampalaya coffee samples developed in terms of their acceptability. D. Significance of the study Momordica Charantia or ampalaya seeds contain iron and folic acid which are essential for the production of the red blood cells and the formulation of hemoglobin and myoglobin.Coffee is usually drunk hot, black or wi th cream and sugar and also drunk cold as iced coffee, specially summer. People are used of drinking coffee every morning to warmth their body and at night to avoid being sleepy. But coffee contains a stimulant called caffeine. The result of this will determine if the coffee made from ampalaya seeds can be use as a substitute for the commercial coffee. This study aimed to produce coffee using ampalaya seeds as substitute. The study was fundamental because ampalaya is abundant in the Philippines. The product may be an anti-diabetes coffee but it is not the main bear on of the study.Everybody can benefit of the result of the study unless a coffee drinker. It would recycle the ampalaya seeds instead of being thrown and twisted away which a lot of people consider it as waste. E. Scope and limitation The proposed study was extra to producing coffee out of ampalaya (Momordica charantia Linn. ) seeds. Three samples were prepared with different ampalaya seed concentration and same amount of irrigate for comparison purposes in which one of the samples was pure commercial coffee. The samples were processed by the basic methods of making coffee roasting, grinding, and brewing.

Ethics Final Project

moral philosophy FINAL PROJECT 1. Proposed Action Plan Describe the action plan you proposed at the beginning of the semester. At the beginning of the semester we first had the idea of taking a computer to the chancel to help those people in there to have more technology we also wanted to take brooms and mops to help them to have cleaned the house. The full(a) classroom talked about this and each group decided to do something for those needed people. 2. Done activities Explain in truth c atomic number 18fully the different activities you did during this semester, including dates, names of the responsible people in the team, and results.We went to the computer department to see if they had a computer with no use and if they can give it to use, they decided to tell us when they got one with no use. Thats how they did it, after a time they told us, but it was a long time when they advised us so we had another find which was to make stairs for rehabilitation to the people in the asy lum, so we fall in with other team and gave them money to make this project real. 3. Comparative of the results Write down if the results of your project were the ones you expected.If not, how are they different? Why? We wanted to give them the computer so we didnt expect that we would unite our team with another one to make the stairs project, so we think it is not what we expected to be our project but we think that the idea to unite teams was a good one because the stairs were really expensive. 4. personal Learning Explain if the members of the team had some learning experience with this project. Yes all of the team members had a with child(p) experience, because of helping people ho needed and thats the main reason why because it feels considerable doing that, and penetrating that other people can get better just for a little help of yours. 5. police squad Work Describe how your team work was, including positive and negative aspects. Our team work was good because we went t o the asylum and check what they needed and because the team all united went to the computers department and all of the team members had a great experience with this project and not only because we did it well, its because we helped other people. 6.Conclusion Finally write down a conclusion about the social work you had this semester. We think this semester help us a lot because of many another(prenominal) things, we helped needed people and thats feels great, we learned ethics about many things of the human life animal life and many things more. This was a great semester and all the team members are really happy to be here in this class, thanks Elideth for doing this to us. Team Members Erick Villasenor Oscar Torres Paola Delgadillo Joel Azuara Victor Galvan Sofia Ascanio Daniela Diaz Juan Pablo Fernandez Vertiz

Nonviolent video game Essay

The future of entertainment resolves around technology. Video games become to a greater extent and to a greater extent actualistic. what is more, the main consumers for reddened video games be teens, which the games encourage killing and fighting enemies. However, some of us who represent this video game may ask the kindred question in their mind including myself Do godforsaken video games influence youth to act aggressively and violence? Overplaying video games can have some disastrous effects on teen, but limiting game-play can reduce the chance to get the effects. Scientist has believed that violent video games are much harmful than violent TV Programs and Films.There are three reasons that gift video games are more harmful than TV Programs and Films. First, video game play is active whereas reflexion TV is passive. People learn better when they are actively involved. Best example to describe is take part during class time, which mean that you ask and answer question in the class. Second, players of violent video games are more likely to identify with a violent character. If the game is a first person shooter, players have the same visual perspective as the killer. If the game is third person, the player controls the actions of the violent character from a more distant visual perspective.However in a violent TV program, viewers might or might not identify with a violent character, which prevent them to do something that should not happened in the real life. Third, violent games directly reward violent fashion, such as by awarding points or by allowing players to advance to the next game level. In some games, players are rewarded through verbal praise, such as hearing the words Nice shot after killing an enemy. It is well known that rewarding behavior increases the tendency of the player to be addicted to the game.While in TV programs reward is not directly tied to the viewers behavior and it will just produce some pissed of persuasion to the person who they dont like. Although the scientific evidence clearly shows that violent video games have harmful effects, many people still deny these effects, especially violent game players. However, some people plead that violent video games are good for us and some players believe that violent video games are cathartic, it mean that they allow players to release pent up anger or release stress easily. Moreover they need this game because to release their stress or not they will not commit suicide.Nevertheless, its depended on the user of the video games, whether video games will promote aggression and violence or not. In my opinion, playing violent games its ok, but dont be to addict to the game or overplay.Once you get addicted and play everyday, you may become on of them Eric Harris or Dylan Klebold who work together to killed their entire classmates in the coach, because to much playing violent video games. It happened in Jefferson Country, Colorado (20 April, 1999) and it is the worse school shooting in U. S. A. So now it depend on you how efficient you use video games.

Third Party Conflict Resolution

Third society competitiveness Resolution MGT/445 Organizational Negotiations March 11, 2013 Third Party Conflict Resolution Conflict is an omnipresent panorama of human existence present at every level of society. Differences in culture, norms, beliefs, wants, needs, and mortalality causes passage of arms. Throughout narrative people involved in conflict solicit assistance from a ordinal base fellowship with the elemental terminus to negotiate a block. Team A is assigned to review a expression involving devil negociaters of a manufacturing confederacy involved in a conflict. The appraiseing paragraphs provide an overview of the case and different third society interferences strategies.Team A include below the analysis of the case, a third party intervention dodge to resolve the conflict, the reason the strategy resolves the conflict, and an alternate strategy if the first strategy does not work. Case Overview The case involves a conflict with managers of a maj or producer of office furniture -Seatcor. Acting as the old vice president of trading operations and chief direct officer, Team A must provide an abstract solution to the conflict. Joe Gibbons is the vice president and general manager of Seatcors largest desk assembly plant. Joe has been with Seatcor for 38 years and is two years out-of-door from retirement.He worked his way up with the ranks to his present position and has managed successfully his division for cinque years with a marginally competent staff. Joe is a long-standing individualized friend. There is a perception Joe has skirt himself deliberately with minimally competent people possibly because he whitethorn take in felt endanger by talented assistants. During lunch with Charles Stewart, assistant vice president and Joes second in command, it became cloudless there is a conflict between Charles and Joe. Joes potential re stainment upon his retirement is Charles, who was hired start year.Joe was reluctant t o hire Charles. Charles is 39, a tenacious, bright, and well-trained business school graduate. Charles is doing a good job in his radical position. Joe is in the functioning of completing a five-year plan for his plant. This plan ordain serve as the derriere for a proposal to management for several major plant reinvestment and shake-up decisions. According to Charles, Joe has not included Charles in the think process. Joe excluding Charles is disturbing him. His distress whitethorn be influencing his work and alliance with Joe. Charles may give birth an ulterior motive for disclosing this information.Joe runs a good ship and has good judgment. Confronting Joe may upset him and appear to subvert his authority. Joe may cook a good reason for excluding Charles. Joe felt threatened by a third-year manager or he may not be awargon of Charles distress regarding exclusion from the planning process. Some tension between Joe and Charles may exist even though they are not in a verba l dispute. From a business standpoint, the potential conflict between Joe and Charles is a very well(p) problem. Joe pull up stakes retire in two years so it will be important to clear a trained replacement in place well in advance.Charles probably will have to live with the results of any major decisions about the plant after Joe retires. In addition, it is essential Joe support Charles so he can grow properly into his present position and future job. The remainder is to resolve the potential conflict between Joe and Charles as well as benefit the company. It will be important to draw and quarter Joe and Charles talking. The company will benefit if Joe and Charles have an loveable relationship so Joe can train Charles and meet on the five-year reinvestment and reorganization plan. According to the The FreeDictionary (2013), intervention means to come, appear, or lie between two things (Intervene, para. 1). As acting senior vice president of operations and chief operating, Te am A must interject to resolve the conflict. Third Party Intervention Strategies and Selection In the Seatcor case, Team is considering using a third party. The terms third party and intermediary are two used to refer to a person or team of people who become involved in a conflict to garter the disputing parties manage or resolve it (University of Colorado, December 2, 2005,p. ) Third parties can take the role of intermediary, consultant, facilitator, intermediary, or arbitrators. The various forms of detect third-party intervention are distinguished primarily by the degree of power that the intervener exercises over the process and government issue of the conflict (Fisher,April 2001-03-30, p. 1. The role of a consultant is to analyze the conflict and develop a plan to help resolve the conflict. The role of a facilitator is to arrange and manage meetings until a reasonable agreement is r from each oneed. More in effect(p) conflicts may warrant a mediator.Mediators are more in volved and impose more structure to the news process between two(prenominal) parties. The goal of the mediator is to get both(prenominal) parties talking so each side understands the conflict from the other partys point of view. Common understanding between both parties often yields a solution to the conflict. The role of the arbitrator is to listen to both sides, collect evidence, and determine the resolution to conflict. Decisions made by arbitrators are final. Informal interventions are incidental to the negotiation, whereas formal interventions are designed on purpose or in advance (Lewick, Saunders, & Barry, 2006, p. 87). As the senior vice president of operations and chief operating officer, Team A decides the best approach is to use a formal intermediation strategy through an impartial third party. Applying the Intervention Strategy There are six steps to the formal mediation process that include introductory remarks, statement of the problem by both parties, gathering i nformation, identification of the problem, negotiate and generating options, and finally reaching an agreement. In general, the information gathering step is done after the parties have stated the problem. In this case it is important to ollect some data about the five-year plan and more on the relationship between Joe and Charles. It will be difficult to gather information without alarming the parties involved and creating rumors within the plant. in advance the meeting with both parties, Team A will meet with Joe to allow him to explain his concerns with the development of the gip-term plan. The mediation process will begin with arranging a meeting with both parties and the third party mediator. The mediation between Joe and Charles is set to take place at a local conference way of life close to the assembly plant with the third party mediator and Team A.This gives the mediation neutrality and takes away any implied bias by having the mediation at the plant. Hilary (2000) sta ted Mediator neutrality legitimizes the mediation process because the parties, rather than the mediator, are in control of decision-making (p. 145). The ground rules are simple but ensure Joe and Charles incumbrance amicable with one another. Introductory Remarks The mediation begins with the mediator speaking to both Joe and Charles in the room. The mediator explains why he is there and the intent of the mediation. At the beginning of the eeting, the mediator will outline the reason for the meeting, the expectations of both parties, and protocol of the meeting such as allowing each party to speak without interruption. Also each party is asked to sign a paper agreeing to follow the ground rules, and the mediator can clarify any questions the parties may have about the ground rules The ground rules are simple but ensure Joe and Charles stay amicable with one another. * Both parties agree to take turns talking and will refrain from interrupting the other party. * Both parties will ad dress the other party on a first name basis. The parties agree to pay wariness to the other party to understand the other partys wishes. * Each parties can request breaks when necessary. * any party can speak up if the mediation falls off track. * Each party is to follow the guidance of the mediator. Statement of the Problem by the Parties Each party is asked to step outside and the other party speaks one-on-one with the mediator. This gives the mediator an overview of the situation and allows the mediator to counsel the parties on the correct language to not erect the other party.Both parties are allowed in the room for face-to-face dialogue on the issues they believed led to the situation. Joe should be allowed to go first as senior manager. As the conversation progresses, the mediator writes down the problems from the views of both parties. The statements by both Joe and Charles will not necessarily be a true representation of the situation but will allow both parties express their respective view on the conflict. Joe may deny excluding Charles and is likely to place blame in an attempt to make Charles out to be the scapegoat.Charles may try to make Joe tint bad to hide his own shortcomings or attempt to make himself look better. Either way, Charles distress may be warranted. Information Gathering In the information gathering step, the mediator will ask both parties questions to get to the potential root of the problem and evaluate the emotional undercurrents. Gathering information helps the mediator gird rapport with both parties plus helps identify the root of the problem. Problem Identification After a short break, the mediator should summarize and repeat the highlights of the discussion to Joe and Charles.Summarizes the highlights helps both parties understand the primary points of the conflict. The mediator tries to find super C goals between the parties. The mediator will figure out which issues are going to be able to patch or those that will settle first Stepp, J. A. , (February 2003). Bargaining and Generating Options Once the mediator is confident of Joe and Charles commitment to get hold of a negotiated settlement, the mediator may choose to hold private sessions with both parties to help move the negotiations along. The goal of the mediator is to find some common ground.This can lead to a final agreement, which diffuses the conflict and provides a new basis for future relations. Both parties may entertain alternative solutions without committing to any concessions. Reaching an arrangement During the final step of the mediation, Joe, Charles, and the mediator will work through the problems to find common ground. The ultimate goal would be for Joe to agree to mentor and train Charles for his position. In addition, Joe and Charles should agree to collaborate on completing the five-year reinvestment and reorganization plan.If an agreement is not reached an alternative strategy will be used. Alternative Actions Ultimat ely the needs of the company come first. If the relationship between Joe and Charles does not improve and an agreement is not reached then Team A will implement an alternative strategy. The next step would be to use arbitration. The third party mediator and Team A would advise both Joe and Charles are expected to act professional and put personal differences aside. Joe will be directed to provide training to Charles as well as work unitedly on the five-year plan.If either party cannot agree to the terms of the agreement they may face possible termination. resultant Resolving conflicts, especially in a business setting is important. Conflicts can disrupt business operations and impede a companys profits and growth. Team A selected the best approaches to resolve the conflict between Joe and Charles. The company solicited a third party mediator to protect the best interest of the company. Conflicts among employees are not uncommon and can be a simple a misunderstanding or genius con flict.If employees are not willing to work to resolve conflicts intervention becomes necessary. From the information provided regarding this case it is unclear if Joe and Charles would have reached an agreement without a third party. Team A believed the information provided was serious enough to require the intervention of a at least a third party mediator or as a last result an arbitrator. References Fisher, R. (April 2001-03-30). Methods of Third-Party Intervention. Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation, ISSN 1616-2544(), 1-25. Retrievedfromhttp//www. berghof- handbook. net/documents/publications/fisher_hb. df Lewick, R. , Saunders, D. , & Barry, B. (2006). Negotiation (5th ed. ). Retrieved on March 7, 2013 2013 from The University of Phoenix eBook assembling database. Stepp, J. A. (February 2003). How Does The Mediation Process Work? Retrieved from http//www. mediate. com/articles/steppj. cfm The free dictionary. (2013). Retrieved on March 7, 2013 from http//www. thefreed ictionary. com/intervention 4 University of Colorado. (Dec 2, 2005). Third Party Intervention. Retrieved from University of Colorado, International Online Training Program On Intractable Conflict website.

Spanglish Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Spanglish - Essay ExampleFor example, Spanglish might sound like Vamos a la store para comprar milk to mean Lets go to the store to buy milk. A play more complicated form is the making up of words, or basically switching between languages indoors a word, by translating a word or phrase literally. The most amusing form of Spanglish is when an slope word is Hispanicized (e.g., troca or troque for truck). In all cases, the resulting language or product does not bear the by and large acceptable correctness of grammar rules and word usage.The proliferation of a hybrid street language like the Spanglish in dominantly English-speaking United States poses a serious threat not only to the socio-cultural aspect of the countrys development, just also to its economic and political growth.Why is Spanglish a threat to the overall development of the U.S.? Foremost, the language of administration and commerce is English. In a highly globalized economy of nations, there is only one language use English. It is in no way, therefore, that a mangled and prostituted English in the form of Spanglish can help despatch the nations coping up and rising above the challenges brought about by globalization. Secondly, it is culturally poorly(predicate) for any nation, much less the U.S., to uphold and encourage the proliferation of languages like Spanglish as doing so would show the sight and the world as a whole a need of healthy cultural identity.Many groups and academicians go after it as an appalling mutilation of the Spanish and English languages, and is an obvious indication of laziness or inability to observe the language properly. These lead to the conclusion that Spanglish is a language of the incompetent and uneducated people, and as thus, is nothing however a hip or a trend totally useless in the mainstream world. Spanglish, given the limits and its lack of clear-cut rules of word usage and grammatical composition, is definitely not even a

Urban Planning In China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Urban Planning In China - Research Paper ExampleTransportation challenges have the Chinas urban transport policy. The local authorities in, therefore, localize this dust to manage merchant vessels crisis in particular cities. Beijing is the capital city of China, business, and transportation hub. It has a sophisticated transport system comprising of the road, air, and bicycle railroads. The city also has a large population living with many registered cars on the roads. The vector sum is widespread traffic congestion in the city. Usually, the city is gridlocked, and the situation seems to be on the rise (Wang, Zhang, Cao & Liu, 2012). business problems in Beijing result from rapid urbanization, increasing inhabitant earnings and the national policy that encourages railroad car ownership among the citizens as a strategy for promoting economic growth. These complications lead to serious problems affecting urban growth, fiber of urban life and the overall economic development, for instance, longer time in commuting. Hence, the government through the germane(predicate) authorities works to combat the congestion and provide better transportation systems for the city.The Beijing Municipal committal of Transportation performs most of the planning and implementation of transportation interventions. The committee undertakes national guidelines, laws and policies, regulations and codes for the development of transportation sector. In addition, the body has mandates of inspecting and supervising the implementation of major infrastructural projects to decongest the city.